EDP Sciences 1775534920 20260407 fre

laboutique.edpsciences.fr-R001713 03 01 01 R001713 00 ED E107 00 01 01 Diffusion, segregation and solid-state phase transformations Course reminders and solved problems 01 eng 08 268 03 22 13185168 17 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 01 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 11 00 20220708 02 01 002096 03 9782759827442 15 9782759827442 03 01 D1 EDP Sciences 45 03 laboutique.edpsciences.fr-002096 03 01 01 002096 03 9782759827442 15 9782759827442 10 EA E107 10 00 01 R001713 ED E107 1 10 01 02 Current Natural Sciences 01 01 Diffusion, segregation and solid-state phase transformations Course reminders and solved problems 1 A01 01 A1952 Didier Blavette Blavette, Didier Didier Blavette Professeur émérite à l’Université de Rouen, nommé à l’IUF en 1992 et 2006, 250 articles, 130 conférences ou séminaires invités, co-inventeur de la sonde atomique tomographique (1993), médaille d’argent du CNRS en 2000, directeur du Groupe de physique des matériaux 2003-2011, Chevalier de l’ordre du mérite en 2010, Président de la Société Française des Microscopies 2014, fellow award de l’International Field Emission Society society 2015. Emeritus professor at the University of Rouen, appointed to the IUF in 1992 and 2006, 250 articles, 130 guest lectures or seminars, co-inventor of the tomographic atomic probe (1993), CNRS silver medal in 2000, director of the Materials Physics Group 2003-2011, Knight of the Order of Merit in 2010, President of the French Microscopy Society 2014, fellow award of the International Field Emission Society society 2015. 2 A01 01 A1953 Thomas Philippe Philippe, Thomas Thomas Philippe 01 eng 08 266 03 01 24 Izibook:Subject Physique Générale 24 Izibook:SubjectAndCategoryAndTags |Physique Générale| 20 Thermodynamics;phase transformations;diffusion;materials;heat treatment;structural materials;functional materials 10 2011 BISACSCI055000 01 530 05 06 03 00 This book contains a set of solved problems on the thermodynamics of phase transformations, diffusion and kinetics in alloys. These problems, preceded by a reminder of the course, are completed by answers detailing each stage of the calculations. The topics covered in the book (precipitation, ordering, segregation on crystalline defects, growth of a thin film, oxidation, creep, doping of semiconductors, etc.) are essential for the design of materials and the optimisation of heat treatments and properties, whether for structural materials (steels, Ni, Al, Cu, Ti-based alloys, etc.) or functional materials (semiconductors, alloys and magnetic multilayers, etc.). They often lead to an industrial problem (aeronautics, nuclear power plants, microelectronics, etc.). This book is intended for teachers and students of bachelor’s and master’s degrees, but also for engineering students, PhD students and researchers. 02 00 This book contains a set of solved problems on the thermodynamics of phase transformations, diffusion and kinetics in alloys. These problems, preceded by a reminder of the course, are completed by answers detailing each stage of the calculations. 04 00 Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III CHAPTER 1Thermodynamics of Equilibria and Phase Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Course Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1.1 Precipitation and Chemical Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1.2 Thermodynamic Functions and Potentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.1.3 Binary Equilibria: Ideal and Regular Solid Solutions. . . . . . . . . 131.1.4 The Critical Transition Theory and the Landau Theory . . . . . . 191.2 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.2.1 Equilibrium Vacancy Concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.2.2 Intergranular Segregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271.2.3 Phase Diagrams and Regular Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321.2.4 Order–Disorder Transformations and Bragg–Williams Theory . 401.2.5 Ordering in FCCs and Landau’s Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491.2.6 Ordering in BCCs and Landau’s Theory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55CHAPTER 2Diffusion and Transport in Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.1 Course Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.1.1 Diffusion at the Atomic Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.1.2 Fick’s Two Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682.1.3 Hetero-Diffusion, Kirkendall Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722.1.4 Diffusion Short Circuits: Influence of Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742.1.5 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752.2 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782.2.1 Fundamental Mechanisms of Diffusion – Einstein’s Equation . . 782.2.2 Elementary Mechanisms and Self-Diffusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822.2.3 Diffusion in CuAl Alloys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842.2.4 Surface Hardening by Cementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892.2.5 Diffusion in Thin Sandwich Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942.2.6 Kirkendall Effect and Diffusion in CuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1002.2.7 Short-Circuits of Diffusion: Grain Boundaries and Dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042.2.8 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field and Spinodal Decomposition . 1082.2.9 A New Fick Law According to Howe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1152.2.10 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field: Application to Nabarro-Herring Creep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1222.2.11 Driven Diffusion of Impurities in a Force Field, the Formation of Cottrell Atmospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1262.2.12 Diffusion in Semiconductors: The Generation of an Internal Nernst Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1322.2.13 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field: Oxidation of Nickel. . . . . . . 139CHAPTER 3Kinetics of Formation of a New Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473.1 Course Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473.1.1 Continuous and Discontinuous Precipitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473.1.2 Instability and Metastability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1503.1.3 Homogeneous Nucleation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1543.1.4 Heterogeneous Nucleation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1613.1.5 Nucleation of Metastable Phases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1643.1.6 Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1663.1.7 The Spinodal Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1683.1.8 Coarsening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1723.1.9 Overall Kinetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1753.2 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1773.2.1 Eutectoid Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1773.2.2 Nucleation of Precipitates in Ni-Al Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1853.2.3 Nucleation and Growth of Precipitates in Dilute Cu-Co Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1893.2.4 Heterogeneous Nucleation of Precipitates in AlCu . . . . . . . . . . 1953.2.5 Deal and Grove’s Growth Law of a Spherical Precipitate . . . . . 2003.2.6 Growth of an Oxide Film on Surface, Deal and Grove’s law . . . 2053.2.7 Growth and Coarsening of Spherical Precipitates . . . . . . . . . . . 2113.2.8 Coarsening in NiAl Superalloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2203.2.9 Zener’s Model for the Growth of a Precipitate with Incoherent Planar Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2263.2.10 The Spinodal Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2303.2.11 Zeldovich’s Kinetic Theory of Nucleation and Incubation Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2383.2.12 Capture Coefficient, Nucleation Flux and Incubation Time . . . 244References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 21 00 06 01 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/produit/1273/9782759827442/diffusion-segregation-and-solid-state-phase-transformations 01 00 03 02 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/system/product_pictures/data/009/982/668/original/9782759827435-DiffusionSegregationSolidState_couv-sofedis.jpg 17 14 20240913T181943+0200 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 01 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 04 11 00 20220708 01 00 20220708 19 00 20220708 2026 06 3052868830012 01 WORLD 13 03 9782759827435 15 9782759827435 WORLD 08 EDP Sciences & Science Press 04 01 00 20220708 03 01 D1 EDP Sciences 20 04 05 01 02 1 00 58.99 01 5.50 3.08 EUR 04 06 01 02 1 00 207.99 01 5.50 3.08 EUR 01 04 06 01 02 1 00 228.99 01 5.50 11.94 USD 01 laboutique.edpsciences.fr-002097 03 01 01 002097 03 9782759827435 15 9782759827435 00 BA 02 160 mm 01 240 mm 10 01 02 Current Natural Sciences 01 01 Diffusion, segregation and solid-state phase transformations Course reminders and solved problems 1 A01 01 A1952 Didier Blavette Blavette, Didier Didier Blavette Professeur émérite à l’Université de Rouen, nommé à l’IUF en 1992 et 2006, 250 articles, 130 conférences ou séminaires invités, co-inventeur de la sonde atomique tomographique (1993), médaille d’argent du CNRS en 2000, directeur du Groupe de physique des matériaux 2003-2011, Chevalier de l’ordre du mérite en 2010, Président de la Société Française des Microscopies 2014, fellow award de l’International Field Emission Society society 2015. Emeritus professor at the University of Rouen, appointed to the IUF in 1992 and 2006, 250 articles, 130 guest lectures or seminars, co-inventor of the tomographic atomic probe (1993), CNRS silver medal in 2000, director of the Materials Physics Group 2003-2011, Knight of the Order of Merit in 2010, President of the French Microscopy Society 2014, fellow award of the International Field Emission Society society 2015. 2 A01 01 A1953 Thomas Philippe Philippe, Thomas Thomas Philippe 01 eng 00 266 03 01 24 Izibook:Subject Physique Générale 24 Izibook:SubjectAndCategoryAndTags |Physique Générale| 20 Thermodynamics;phase transformations;diffusion;materials;heat treatment;structural materials;functional materials 10 2011 BISACSCI055000 01 530 05 06 03 00 This book contains a set of solved problems on the thermodynamics of phase transformations, diffusion and kinetics in alloys. These problems, preceded by a reminder of the course, are completed by answers detailing each stage of the calculations. The topics covered in the book (precipitation, ordering, segregation on crystalline defects, growth of a thin film, oxidation, creep, doping of semiconductors, etc.) are essential for the design of materials and the optimisation of heat treatments and properties, whether for structural materials (steels, Ni, Al, Cu, Ti-based alloys, etc.) or functional materials (semiconductors, alloys and magnetic multilayers, etc.). They often lead to an industrial problem (aeronautics, nuclear power plants, microelectronics, etc.). This book is intended for teachers and students of bachelor’s and master’s degrees, but also for engineering students, PhD students and researchers. 02 00 This book contains a set of solved problems on the thermodynamics of phase transformations, diffusion and kinetics in alloys. These problems, preceded by a reminder of the course, are completed by answers detailing each stage of the calculations. 04 00 Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III CHAPTER 1Thermodynamics of Equilibria and Phase Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Course Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1.1 Precipitation and Chemical Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1.2 Thermodynamic Functions and Potentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.1.3 Binary Equilibria: Ideal and Regular Solid Solutions. . . . . . . . . 131.1.4 The Critical Transition Theory and the Landau Theory . . . . . . 191.2 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.2.1 Equilibrium Vacancy Concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.2.2 Intergranular Segregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271.2.3 Phase Diagrams and Regular Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321.2.4 Order–Disorder Transformations and Bragg–Williams Theory . 401.2.5 Ordering in FCCs and Landau’s Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491.2.6 Ordering in BCCs and Landau’s Theory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55CHAPTER 2Diffusion and Transport in Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.1 Course Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.1.1 Diffusion at the Atomic Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.1.2 Fick’s Two Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682.1.3 Hetero-Diffusion, Kirkendall Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722.1.4 Diffusion Short Circuits: Influence of Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742.1.5 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752.2 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782.2.1 Fundamental Mechanisms of Diffusion – Einstein’s Equation . . 782.2.2 Elementary Mechanisms and Self-Diffusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822.2.3 Diffusion in CuAl Alloys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842.2.4 Surface Hardening by Cementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892.2.5 Diffusion in Thin Sandwich Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942.2.6 Kirkendall Effect and Diffusion in CuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1002.2.7 Short-Circuits of Diffusion: Grain Boundaries and Dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042.2.8 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field and Spinodal Decomposition . 1082.2.9 A New Fick Law According to Howe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1152.2.10 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field: Application to Nabarro-Herring Creep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1222.2.11 Driven Diffusion of Impurities in a Force Field, the Formation of Cottrell Atmospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1262.2.12 Diffusion in Semiconductors: The Generation of an Internal Nernst Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1322.2.13 Driven Diffusion in a Force Field: Oxidation of Nickel. . . . . . . 139CHAPTER 3Kinetics of Formation of a New Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473.1 Course Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473.1.1 Continuous and Discontinuous Precipitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473.1.2 Instability and Metastability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1503.1.3 Homogeneous Nucleation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1543.1.4 Heterogeneous Nucleation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1613.1.5 Nucleation of Metastable Phases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1643.1.6 Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1663.1.7 The Spinodal Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1683.1.8 Coarsening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1723.1.9 Overall Kinetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1753.2 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1773.2.1 Eutectoid Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1773.2.2 Nucleation of Precipitates in Ni-Al Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1853.2.3 Nucleation and Growth of Precipitates in Dilute Cu-Co Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1893.2.4 Heterogeneous Nucleation of Precipitates in AlCu . . . . . . . . . . 1953.2.5 Deal and Grove’s Growth Law of a Spherical Precipitate . . . . . 2003.2.6 Growth of an Oxide Film on Surface, Deal and Grove’s law . . . 2053.2.7 Growth and Coarsening of Spherical Precipitates . . . . . . . . . . . 2113.2.8 Coarsening in NiAl Superalloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2203.2.9 Zener’s Model for the Growth of a Precipitate with Incoherent Planar Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2263.2.10 The Spinodal Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2303.2.11 Zeldovich’s Kinetic Theory of Nucleation and Incubation Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2383.2.12 Capture Coefficient, Nucleation Flux and Incubation Time . . . 244References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 21 00 06 01 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/produit/1273/9782759827442/diffusion-segregation-and-solid-state-phase-transformations 01 00 03 02 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/system/product_pictures/data/009/982/668/original/9782759827435-DiffusionSegregationSolidState_couv-sofedis.jpg 17 14 20240913T181943+0200 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 01 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 04 11 00 20220708 01 00 20220708 19 00 20220708 2026 06 3052868830012 01 WORLD 27 03 9782759827442 15 9782759827442 WORLD 08 EDP Sciences & Science Press 04 01 00 20220708 03 01 D1 EDP Sciences 21 04 05 01 02 1 00 85.00 01 5.50 4.43 EUR