EDP Sciences 1775443527 20260406 fre

laboutique.edpsciences.fr-R002562 03 01 01 R002562 00 ED E107 00 01 01 Ecology of Fish Community: Niche Modeling Based on Fish Morphological Parameters 01 eng 08 310 03 22 58969850 17 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 01 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 11 00 20231221 02 01 002666 03 9782759831159 15 9782759831159 03 01 D1 EDP Sciences 45 03 laboutique.edpsciences.fr-002666 03 01 01 002666 03 9782759831159 15 9782759831159 10 EA E107 10 00 01 R002562 ED E107 1 10 01 02 Current Natural Sciences 01 01 Ecology of Fish Community: Niche Modeling Based on Fish Morphological Parameters 1 A01 01 A2236 Xinhui LI LI, Xinhui Xinhui LI <div ccp_infra_version="3" ccp_infra_timestamp="1702302737468" ccp_infra_user_hash="2520731787" ccp_infra_copy_id="9fc78998-90a4-4aa5-8e1d-62fee8b75d93" data-ccp-timestamp="1702302737468" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium;"></div> 2 A01 01 A2237 Zini LAI LAI, Zini Zini LAI 3 A01 01 A2238 Yumian YU YU, Yumian Yumian YU 01 eng 08 308 03 01 24 Izibook:Subject Sciences de la Vie / Biologie 24 Izibook:Subject Sciences de la vie 24 Izibook:SubjectAndCategoryAndTags |Sciences de la Vie / Biologie| 24 Izibook:SubjectAndCategoryAndTags |Sciences de la vie| 20 monograph;river fish communities;morphological model;morphological modeling;software analysis;determine niches;systematic approach;evaluating ecosystem changes;reference system;river ecosystem assessment;restoration 10 2011 NAT012000 10 2011 NAT029000 10 2011 SCI087000 01 590 06 06 05 03 00 This book introduces a monograph deconstructing morphological model of river fish communities. It provides a new method and develops morphological modeling, software analysis, and applications for studies of fish community niches. Over long-term evolution, fish interactions with their environment can result in the formation of new species, the exploitation of various ecological niches, and the development of species communities. Although the organisms in the ancient fish can be recognized through their fossils, the niche composition of fish communities 200 years ago remains unknown. The lack of data on the evolution of ecosystem structure and function become an obstacle in the studies of ecology. The purpose of this book is to establish a systematic method for determining niches based on species morphology and the morphological characters of fish communities, as well as to discuss the niche composition of community species through historical records of “qualitative” species. This book attempts to provide a method to clarify community species structure in a given ecosystem and to establish a standard for evaluating ecosystem changes based on community species structure. This book provides a community structure reference system for river ecosystem assessment and restoration based on natural attributes. Using fish morphological data, we established a model for fish community studies based on morphological characters. This book also examines the relationships between fish species in communities from the perspective of ecological niches, and it attempts to establish a fish community research tool for the ecological restoration of rivers. 02 00 This book presents a monograph deconstructing river fish communities' morphological model, offering a new method integrating morphological modeling, software analysis, and historical records to determine niches, aiming to establish a systematic approach for evaluating ecosystem changes and providing a reference system for river ecosystem assessment and restoration. This book presents a groundbreaking monograph deconstructing river fish communities' morphological model, offering a new method integrating morphological modeling, software analysis, and historical records to determine niches, aiming to establish a systematic approach for evaluating ecosystem changes and providing a reference system for river ecosystem assessment and restoration. 04 00 Introduction................................................. V<o:p></o:p>Foreword ...................................................XI<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 1<o:p></o:p>Fish Communities and River Ecosystems........................... 1<o:p></o:p>1.1 Species ................................................4<o:p></o:p>1.1.1 Species Classification................................ 4<o:p></o:p>1.1.2 Fish ............................................. 5<o:p></o:p>1.1.3 Morphological Characters for Classification............... 5<o:p></o:p>1.2 Community .............................................8<o:p></o:p>1.2.1 Composition ....................................... 8<o:p></o:p>1.2.2 Proportion ........................................ 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.3 Structure ......................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.4 Community Habitat ................................. 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.5 Environment ...................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.6 Ecological Characters ................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.7 Spatial Pattern.....................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.8 Temporal Characteristics .............................10<o:p></o:p>1.3 Niche .................................................10<o:p></o:p>1.3.1 Ideal Niche ........................................11<o:p></o:p>1.3.2 Real Niche ........................................ 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.3 Conservation ...................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.4 Multidimensionality .................................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.5 Overlap .......................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.6 Niche Breadth ..................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.7 Ecological Equivalents ...............................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.8 Coincident Species ..................................13<o:p></o:p>1.3.9 Species Evolution and Niche........................... 13<o:p></o:p>1.4 River Ecosystem Elements................................. 13<o:p></o:p>1.4.1 Water Chemistry ................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.2 Water Quality ..................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.3 Aquatic Life .......................................15<o:p></o:p>1.4.4 Organic Detritus ...................................16<o:p></o:p>1.4.5 Productivity of Water Bodies.......................... 16<o:p></o:p>1.4.6 Trophic Level ......................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.7 Natural Balance ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.8 Water Pollution ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.9 Algal Blooms ...................................... 17<o:p></o:p>1.5 Freshwater Fish......................................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.1 Global Freshwater Fish Communities.................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.2 Community Characteristics of Freshwater Fish in China...... 20<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 2<o:p></o:p>Fish Morphological Models and Mechanisms......................... 25<o:p></o:p>2.1 Multivariate Statistics..................................... 28<o:p></o:p>2.1.1 Regression Analysis .................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.2 Linear Discriminant Analysis.......................... 29<o:p></o:p>2.1.3 Cluster Analysis ....................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ...................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.5 Correspondence Analysis .............................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.6 Factor Analysis ....................................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.7 Canonical Correlation Analysis......................... 30<o:p></o:p>2.2 Morphological Data Model................................. 31<o:p></o:p>2.2.1 Data Source ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.2 Data Matrix ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.3 Principles of the Correspondence Analysis Model........... 36<o:p></o:p>2.2.4 Contribution to Variance .............................37<o:p></o:p>2.2.5 Graph Representation of the Interspecific Relationships<o:p></o:p>Within Fish Communities............................. 38<o:p></o:p>2.3 The Model .............................................42<o:p></o:p>2.3.1 Species Relationship Model ...........................45<o:p></o:p>2.3.2 Character Fitness ...................................50<o:p></o:p>2.3.3 Applicability of New Species........................... 50<o:p></o:p>2.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.1 Characterization of Community Species Relationships....... 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.2 Determining the Ideal Niche........................... 56<o:p></o:p>2.4.3 Iteration ..........................................62<o:p></o:p>2.4.4 Sample Iteration Order...............................64<o:p></o:p>2.4.5 Sample Iteration Constraints.......................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.6 Sample Normalization ...............................65<o:p></o:p>2.4.7 Model Checking .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.8 Model Workflow .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.9 Model Application and Limitations..................... 67<o:p></o:p>2.5 The Modeling Software.................................... 69<o:p></o:p>2.5.1 Data File and Editing ...............................69<o:p></o:p>2.5.2 Run ............................................. 71<o:p></o:p>  CHAPTER 3<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Structure and Species Succession ....... 73<o:p></o:p>3.1 Simulations of Species Removal.............................. 76<o:p></o:p>3.1.1 Osmeriformes Lcucosoma chinensis (Osbeck, 1765).......... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.2 Cypriniformes...................................... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.3 Siluriformes, Bagridae ...............................144<o:p></o:p>3.1.4 Perciformes .......................................150<o:p></o:p>3.1.5 Tetraodontiformes ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2 Simulated Community ....................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.1 Niche Composition ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.2 Niche Change ......................................160<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 4<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Niche and Succession................ 165<o:p></o:p>4.1 Characteristics of Community Stability........................ 167<o:p></o:p>4.1.1 Species Substitutability.............................. 171<o:p></o:p>4.1.2 Community Cohesion ................................171<o:p></o:p>4.1.3 Community Integration ..............................174<o:p></o:p>4.1.4 Characteristics of the Geographic Distribution<o:p></o:p>of the Ecological Niche Response ....................... 180<o:p></o:p>4.1.5 Differences ........................................187<o:p></o:p>4.1.6 Feeding Habits .....................................193<o:p></o:p>4.2 “Subunit Community” Succession............................ 198<o:p></o:p>4.2.1 Niche Changes in the “Subunit Community”.............. 201<o:p></o:p>4.2.2 Simulated Community Performance After Species Removal... 220<o:p></o:p>4.2.3 The Evolutionary Characteristics of the “Subunit<o:p></o:p>Communities” ..................................... 225<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 5<o:p></o:p>Fish Community Reconstruction and Case Study..................... 231<o:p></o:p>5.1 River Ecosystems........................................ 232<o:p></o:p>5.1.1 River Structure ....................................233<o:p></o:p>5.1.2 River Ecological Function............................. 234<o:p></o:p>5.1.3 Composition of the Fish Diet.......................... 236<o:p></o:p>5.1.4 Fish Trophic Levels .................................242<o:p></o:p>5.2 Molecular Mechanisms of Energy Utilization and  Ecological Niche ... 250<o:p></o:p>5.2.1 Fish Amylase ......................................251<o:p></o:p>5.2.2 Gene Sequence and Niche .............................253<o:p></o:p>5.2.3 Amylase Gene Transcription and Animal Feeding Habits..... 254<o:p></o:p>5.3 Species Selection for Community Construction.................. 255<o:p></o:p>5.3.1 Multispecies Model ..................................260<o:p></o:p>5.3.2 The Food Chain is Fully Functional..................... 262<o:p></o:p>5.3.3 Species Compatibility ................................264<o:p></o:p>5.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 2675.4.1 Relationship Between Model “Potential” and Community<o:p></o:p>Abundance ........................................ 267<o:p></o:p>5.4.2 Environmental Impact Analysis Reference Frame........... 271<o:p></o:p>5.4.3 Analysis of the Niche of the Artificial Community.......... 273<o:p></o:p>References.................................................. 275<o:p></o:p> Introduction................................................. V<o:p></o:p>Foreword ...................................................XI<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 1<o:p></o:p>Fish Communities and River Ecosystems........................... 1<o:p></o:p>1.1 Species ................................................4<o:p></o:p>1.1.1 Species Classification................................ 4<o:p></o:p>1.1.2 Fish ............................................. 5<o:p></o:p>1.1.3 Morphological Characters for Classification............... 5<o:p></o:p>1.2 Community .............................................8<o:p></o:p>1.2.1 Composition ....................................... 8<o:p></o:p>1.2.2 Proportion ........................................ 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.3 Structure ......................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.4 Community Habitat ................................. 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.5 Environment ...................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.6 Ecological Characters ................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.7 Spatial Pattern.....................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.8 Temporal Characteristics .............................10<o:p></o:p>1.3 Niche .................................................10<o:p></o:p>1.3.1 Ideal Niche ........................................11<o:p></o:p>1.3.2 Real Niche ........................................ 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.3 Conservation ...................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.4 Multidimensionality .................................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.5 Overlap .......................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.6 Niche Breadth ..................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.7 Ecological Equivalents ...............................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.8 Coincident Species ..................................13<o:p></o:p>1.3.9 Species Evolution and Niche........................... 13<o:p></o:p>1.4 River Ecosystem Elements................................. 13<o:p></o:p>1.4.1 Water Chemistry ................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.2 Water Quality ..................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.3 Aquatic Life .......................................15<o:p></o:p>1.4.4 Organic Detritus ...................................16<o:p></o:p>1.4.5 Productivity of Water Bodies.......................... 16<o:p></o:p>1.4.6 Trophic Level ......................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.7 Natural Balance ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.8 Water Pollution ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.9 Algal Blooms ...................................... 17<o:p></o:p>1.5 Freshwater Fish......................................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.1 Global Freshwater Fish Communities.................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.2 Community Characteristics of Freshwater Fish in China...... 20<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 2<o:p></o:p>Fish Morphological Models and Mechanisms......................... 25<o:p></o:p>2.1 MultivariateStatistics..................................... 28<o:p></o:p>2.1.1 Regression Analysis .................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.2 Linear Discriminant Analysis.......................... 29<o:p></o:p>2.1.3 Cluster Analysis ....................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ...................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.5 Correspondence Analysis .............................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.6 Factor Analysis ....................................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.7 Canonical CorrelationAnalysis......................... 30<o:p></o:p>2.2 Morphological Data Model................................. 31<o:p></o:p>2.2.1 Data Source ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.2 Data Matrix ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.3 Principles of the Correspondence Analysis Model........... 36<o:p></o:p>2.2.4 Contribution to Variance .............................37<o:p></o:p>2.2.5 Graph Representation of the InterspecificRelationships<o:p></o:p>Within Fish Communities............................. 38<o:p></o:p>2.3 The Model .............................................42<o:p></o:p>2.3.1 Species Relationship Model ...........................45<o:p></o:p>2.3.2 Character Fitness ...................................50<o:p></o:p>2.3.3 Applicability of NewSpecies........................... 50<o:p></o:p>2.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.1 Characterization of Community Species Relationships....... 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.2 Determining the Ideal Niche........................... 56<o:p></o:p>2.4.3 Iteration ..........................................62<o:p></o:p>2.4.4 Sample Iteration Order...............................64<o:p></o:p>2.4.5 Sample Iteration Constraints.......................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.6 Sample Normalization ...............................65<o:p></o:p>2.4.7 Model Checking .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.8 Model Workflow .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.9 Model Application and Limitations..................... 67<o:p></o:p>2.5 The Modeling Software.................................... 69<o:p></o:p>2.5.1 Data File and Editing ...............................69<o:p></o:p>2.5.2 Run ............................................. 71<o:p></o:p>VIII Contents<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 3<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Structure and SpeciesSuccession ....... 73<o:p></o:p>3.1 Simulations of Species Removal.............................. 76<o:p></o:p>3.1.1 Osmeriformes Lcucosoma chinensis (Osbeck, 1765).......... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.2 Cypriniformes...................................... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.3 Siluriformes, Bagridae ...............................144<o:p></o:p>3.1.4 Perciformes .......................................150<o:p></o:p>3.1.5 Tetraodontiformes ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2 Simulated Community ....................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.1 Niche Composition ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.2 Niche Change ......................................160<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 4<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Niche and Succession................ 165<o:p></o:p>4.1 Characteristics of Community Stability........................ 167<o:p></o:p>4.1.1 Species Substitutability.............................. 171<o:p></o:p>4.1.2 Community Cohesion ................................171<o:p></o:p>4.1.3 Community Integration ..............................174<o:p></o:p>4.1.4 Characteristics of the Geographic Distribution<o:p></o:p>of the Ecological Niche Response ....................... 180<o:p></o:p>4.1.5 Differences ........................................187<o:p></o:p>4.1.6 Feeding Habits .....................................193<o:p></o:p>4.2 “Subunit Community” Succession............................ 198<o:p></o:p>4.2.1 Niche Changes in the “Subunit Community”.............. 201<o:p></o:p>4.2.2 Simulated Community Performance After Species Removal... 220<o:p></o:p>4.2.3 The Evolutionary Characteristics of the “Subunit<o:p></o:p>Communities” ..................................... 225<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 5<o:p></o:p>Fish Community Reconstruction and Case Study..................... 231<o:p></o:p>5.1 River Ecosystems........................................ 232<o:p></o:p>5.1.1 River Structure ....................................233<o:p></o:p>5.1.2 River Ecological Function............................. 234<o:p></o:p>5.1.3 Composition of the Fish Diet.......................... 236<o:p></o:p>5.1.4 Fish Trophic Levels .................................242<o:p></o:p>5.2 Molecular Mechanisms of Energy Utilization andEcological Niche ... 250<o:p></o:p>5.2.1 Fish Amylase ......................................251<o:p></o:p>5.2.2 Gene Sequence and Niche .............................253<o:p></o:p>5.2.3 Amylase Gene Transcription and Animal Feeding Habits..... 254<o:p></o:p>5.3 Species Selection for Community Construction.................. 255<o:p></o:p>5.3.1 Multispecies Model ..................................260<o:p></o:p>5.3.2 The Food Chain is Fully Functional..................... 262<o:p></o:p>5.3.3 Species Compatibility ................................264<o:p></o:p>5.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 2675.4.1 Relationship Between Model “Potential” and Community<o:p></o:p>Abundance ........................................ 267<o:p></o:p>5.4.2 Environmental Impact Analysis Reference Frame........... 271<o:p></o:p>5.4.3 Analysis of the Niche of the Artificial Community.......... 273<o:p></o:p>References.................................................. 275<o:p></o:p> 21 00 06 01 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/produit/1386/9782759831159/ecology-of-fish-community-niche-modeling-based-on-fish-morphological-parameters 01 00 03 02 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/system/product_pictures/data/009/983/069/original/9782759831142-Ecology_of_Fish_Community_Niche_Modeling_couv-sofedis.jpg 17 14 20240913T173706+0200 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 01 01 P15 EDP Sciences & Science Press 04 11 00 20231221 01 00 20231221 19 00 20231221 2026 06 3052868830012 01 WORLD 13 03 9782759831142 15 9782759831142 06 03 9782759831166 15 9782759831166 WORLD 08 EDP Sciences & Science Press 04 01 00 20231221 03 01 D1 EDP Sciences 20 04 05 01 02 1 00 80.99 01 5.50 4.22 EUR 04 06 01 02 1 00 285.99 01 5.50 4.22 EUR 01 04 06 01 02 1 00 314.99 01 5.50 16.42 USD 01 laboutique.edpsciences.fr-002667 03 01 01 002667 03 9782759831166 15 9782759831166 10 EA 10 10 01 02 Current Natural Sciences 01 01 Ecology of Fish Community: Niche Modeling Based on Fish Morphological Parameters 1 A01 01 A2236 Xinhui LI LI, Xinhui Xinhui LI <div ccp_infra_version="3" ccp_infra_timestamp="1702302737468" ccp_infra_user_hash="2520731787" ccp_infra_copy_id="9fc78998-90a4-4aa5-8e1d-62fee8b75d93" data-ccp-timestamp="1702302737468" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium;"></div> 2 A01 01 A2237 Zini LAI LAI, Zini Zini LAI 3 A01 01 A2238 Yumian YU YU, Yumian Yumian YU 01 eng 08 308 03 01 24 Izibook:Subject Sciences de la Vie / Biologie 24 Izibook:Subject Sciences de la vie 24 Izibook:SubjectAndCategoryAndTags |Sciences de la Vie / Biologie| 24 Izibook:SubjectAndCategoryAndTags |Sciences de la vie| 20 monograph;river fish communities;morphological model;morphological modeling;software analysis;determine niches;systematic approach;evaluating ecosystem changes;reference system;river ecosystem assessment;restoration 10 2011 NAT012000 10 2011 NAT029000 10 2011 SCI087000 01 590 06 06 05 03 00 This book introduces a monograph deconstructing morphological model of river fish communities. It provides a new method and develops morphological modeling, software analysis, and applications for studies of fish community niches. Over long-term evolution, fish interactions with their environment can result in the formation of new species, the exploitation of various ecological niches, and the development of species communities. Although the organisms in the ancient fish can be recognized through their fossils, the niche composition of fish communities 200 years ago remains unknown. The lack of data on the evolution of ecosystem structure and function become an obstacle in the studies of ecology. The purpose of this book is to establish a systematic method for determining niches based on species morphology and the morphological characters of fish communities, as well as to discuss the niche composition of community species through historical records of “qualitative” species. This book attempts to provide a method to clarify community species structure in a given ecosystem and to establish a standard for evaluating ecosystem changes based on community species structure. This book provides a community structure reference system for river ecosystem assessment and restoration based on natural attributes. Using fish morphological data, we established a model for fish community studies based on morphological characters. This book also examines the relationships between fish species in communities from the perspective of ecological niches, and it attempts to establish a fish community research tool for the ecological restoration of rivers. 02 00 This book presents a monograph deconstructing river fish communities' morphological model, offering a new method integrating morphological modeling, software analysis, and historical records to determine niches, aiming to establish a systematic approach for evaluating ecosystem changes and providing a reference system for river ecosystem assessment and restoration. This book presents a groundbreaking monograph deconstructing river fish communities' morphological model, offering a new method integrating morphological modeling, software analysis, and historical records to determine niches, aiming to establish a systematic approach for evaluating ecosystem changes and providing a reference system for river ecosystem assessment and restoration. 04 00 Introduction................................................. V<o:p></o:p>Foreword ...................................................XI<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 1<o:p></o:p>Fish Communities and River Ecosystems........................... 1<o:p></o:p>1.1 Species ................................................4<o:p></o:p>1.1.1 Species Classification................................ 4<o:p></o:p>1.1.2 Fish ............................................. 5<o:p></o:p>1.1.3 Morphological Characters for Classification............... 5<o:p></o:p>1.2 Community .............................................8<o:p></o:p>1.2.1 Composition ....................................... 8<o:p></o:p>1.2.2 Proportion ........................................ 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.3 Structure ......................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.4 Community Habitat ................................. 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.5 Environment ...................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.6 Ecological Characters ................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.7 Spatial Pattern.....................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.8 Temporal Characteristics .............................10<o:p></o:p>1.3 Niche .................................................10<o:p></o:p>1.3.1 Ideal Niche ........................................11<o:p></o:p>1.3.2 Real Niche ........................................ 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.3 Conservation ...................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.4 Multidimensionality .................................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.5 Overlap .......................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.6 Niche Breadth ..................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.7 Ecological Equivalents ...............................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.8 Coincident Species ..................................13<o:p></o:p>1.3.9 Species Evolution and Niche........................... 13<o:p></o:p>1.4 River Ecosystem Elements................................. 13<o:p></o:p>1.4.1 Water Chemistry ................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.2 Water Quality ..................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.3 Aquatic Life .......................................15<o:p></o:p>1.4.4 Organic Detritus ...................................16<o:p></o:p>1.4.5 Productivity of Water Bodies.......................... 16<o:p></o:p>1.4.6 Trophic Level ......................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.7 Natural Balance ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.8 Water Pollution ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.9 Algal Blooms ...................................... 17<o:p></o:p>1.5 Freshwater Fish......................................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.1 Global Freshwater Fish Communities.................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.2 Community Characteristics of Freshwater Fish in China...... 20<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 2<o:p></o:p>Fish Morphological Models and Mechanisms......................... 25<o:p></o:p>2.1 Multivariate Statistics..................................... 28<o:p></o:p>2.1.1 Regression Analysis .................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.2 Linear Discriminant Analysis.......................... 29<o:p></o:p>2.1.3 Cluster Analysis ....................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ...................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.5 Correspondence Analysis .............................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.6 Factor Analysis ....................................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.7 Canonical Correlation Analysis......................... 30<o:p></o:p>2.2 Morphological Data Model................................. 31<o:p></o:p>2.2.1 Data Source ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.2 Data Matrix ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.3 Principles of the Correspondence Analysis Model........... 36<o:p></o:p>2.2.4 Contribution to Variance .............................37<o:p></o:p>2.2.5 Graph Representation of the Interspecific Relationships<o:p></o:p>Within Fish Communities............................. 38<o:p></o:p>2.3 The Model .............................................42<o:p></o:p>2.3.1 Species Relationship Model ...........................45<o:p></o:p>2.3.2 Character Fitness ...................................50<o:p></o:p>2.3.3 Applicability of New Species........................... 50<o:p></o:p>2.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.1 Characterization of Community Species Relationships....... 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.2 Determining the Ideal Niche........................... 56<o:p></o:p>2.4.3 Iteration ..........................................62<o:p></o:p>2.4.4 Sample Iteration Order...............................64<o:p></o:p>2.4.5 Sample Iteration Constraints.......................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.6 Sample Normalization ...............................65<o:p></o:p>2.4.7 Model Checking .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.8 Model Workflow .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.9 Model Application and Limitations..................... 67<o:p></o:p>2.5 The Modeling Software.................................... 69<o:p></o:p>2.5.1 Data File and Editing ...............................69<o:p></o:p>2.5.2 Run ............................................. 71<o:p></o:p>  CHAPTER 3<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Structure and Species Succession ....... 73<o:p></o:p>3.1 Simulations of Species Removal.............................. 76<o:p></o:p>3.1.1 Osmeriformes Lcucosoma chinensis (Osbeck, 1765).......... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.2 Cypriniformes...................................... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.3 Siluriformes, Bagridae ...............................144<o:p></o:p>3.1.4 Perciformes .......................................150<o:p></o:p>3.1.5 Tetraodontiformes ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2 Simulated Community ....................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.1 Niche Composition ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.2 Niche Change ......................................160<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 4<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Niche and Succession................ 165<o:p></o:p>4.1 Characteristics of Community Stability........................ 167<o:p></o:p>4.1.1 Species Substitutability.............................. 171<o:p></o:p>4.1.2 Community Cohesion ................................171<o:p></o:p>4.1.3 Community Integration ..............................174<o:p></o:p>4.1.4 Characteristics of the Geographic Distribution<o:p></o:p>of the Ecological Niche Response ....................... 180<o:p></o:p>4.1.5 Differences ........................................187<o:p></o:p>4.1.6 Feeding Habits .....................................193<o:p></o:p>4.2 “Subunit Community” Succession............................ 198<o:p></o:p>4.2.1 Niche Changes in the “Subunit Community”.............. 201<o:p></o:p>4.2.2 Simulated Community Performance After Species Removal... 220<o:p></o:p>4.2.3 The Evolutionary Characteristics of the “Subunit<o:p></o:p>Communities” ..................................... 225<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 5<o:p></o:p>Fish Community Reconstruction and Case Study..................... 231<o:p></o:p>5.1 River Ecosystems........................................ 232<o:p></o:p>5.1.1 River Structure ....................................233<o:p></o:p>5.1.2 River Ecological Function............................. 234<o:p></o:p>5.1.3 Composition of the Fish Diet.......................... 236<o:p></o:p>5.1.4 Fish Trophic Levels .................................242<o:p></o:p>5.2 Molecular Mechanisms of Energy Utilization and  Ecological Niche ... 250<o:p></o:p>5.2.1 Fish Amylase ......................................251<o:p></o:p>5.2.2 Gene Sequence and Niche .............................253<o:p></o:p>5.2.3 Amylase Gene Transcription and Animal Feeding Habits..... 254<o:p></o:p>5.3 Species Selection for Community Construction.................. 255<o:p></o:p>5.3.1 Multispecies Model ..................................260<o:p></o:p>5.3.2 The Food Chain is Fully Functional..................... 262<o:p></o:p>5.3.3 Species Compatibility ................................264<o:p></o:p>5.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 2675.4.1 Relationship Between Model “Potential” and Community<o:p></o:p>Abundance ........................................ 267<o:p></o:p>5.4.2 Environmental Impact Analysis Reference Frame........... 271<o:p></o:p>5.4.3 Analysis of the Niche of the Artificial Community.......... 273<o:p></o:p>References.................................................. 275<o:p></o:p> Introduction................................................. V<o:p></o:p>Foreword ...................................................XI<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 1<o:p></o:p>Fish Communities and River Ecosystems........................... 1<o:p></o:p>1.1 Species ................................................4<o:p></o:p>1.1.1 Species Classification................................ 4<o:p></o:p>1.1.2 Fish ............................................. 5<o:p></o:p>1.1.3 Morphological Characters for Classification............... 5<o:p></o:p>1.2 Community .............................................8<o:p></o:p>1.2.1 Composition ....................................... 8<o:p></o:p>1.2.2 Proportion ........................................ 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.3 Structure ......................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.4 Community Habitat ................................. 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.5 Environment ...................................... 9<o:p></o:p>1.2.6 Ecological Characters ................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.7 Spatial Pattern.....................................10<o:p></o:p>1.2.8 Temporal Characteristics .............................10<o:p></o:p>1.3 Niche .................................................10<o:p></o:p>1.3.1 Ideal Niche ........................................11<o:p></o:p>1.3.2 Real Niche ........................................ 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.3 Conservation ...................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.4 Multidimensionality .................................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.5 Overlap .......................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.6 Niche Breadth ..................................... 12<o:p></o:p>1.3.7 Ecological Equivalents ...............................12<o:p></o:p>1.3.8 Coincident Species ..................................13<o:p></o:p>1.3.9 Species Evolution and Niche........................... 13<o:p></o:p>1.4 River Ecosystem Elements................................. 13<o:p></o:p>1.4.1 Water Chemistry ................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.2 Water Quality ..................................... 14<o:p></o:p>1.4.3 Aquatic Life .......................................15<o:p></o:p>1.4.4 Organic Detritus ...................................16<o:p></o:p>1.4.5 Productivity of Water Bodies.......................... 16<o:p></o:p>1.4.6 Trophic Level ......................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.7 Natural Balance ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.8 Water Pollution ....................................17<o:p></o:p>1.4.9 Algal Blooms ...................................... 17<o:p></o:p>1.5 Freshwater Fish......................................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.1 Global Freshwater Fish Communities.................... 18<o:p></o:p>1.5.2 Community Characteristics of Freshwater Fish in China...... 20<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 2<o:p></o:p>Fish Morphological Models and Mechanisms......................... 25<o:p></o:p>2.1 MultivariateStatistics..................................... 28<o:p></o:p>2.1.1 Regression Analysis .................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.2 Linear Discriminant Analysis.......................... 29<o:p></o:p>2.1.3 Cluster Analysis ....................................29<o:p></o:p>2.1.4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ...................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.5 Correspondence Analysis .............................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.6 Factor Analysis ....................................30<o:p></o:p>2.1.7 Canonical CorrelationAnalysis......................... 30<o:p></o:p>2.2 Morphological Data Model................................. 31<o:p></o:p>2.2.1 Data Source ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.2 Data Matrix ....................................... 32<o:p></o:p>2.2.3 Principles of the Correspondence Analysis Model........... 36<o:p></o:p>2.2.4 Contribution to Variance .............................37<o:p></o:p>2.2.5 Graph Representation of the InterspecificRelationships<o:p></o:p>Within Fish Communities............................. 38<o:p></o:p>2.3 The Model .............................................42<o:p></o:p>2.3.1 Species Relationship Model ...........................45<o:p></o:p>2.3.2 Character Fitness ...................................50<o:p></o:p>2.3.3 Applicability of NewSpecies........................... 50<o:p></o:p>2.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.1 Characterization of Community Species Relationships....... 51<o:p></o:p>2.4.2 Determining the Ideal Niche........................... 56<o:p></o:p>2.4.3 Iteration ..........................................62<o:p></o:p>2.4.4 Sample Iteration Order...............................64<o:p></o:p>2.4.5 Sample Iteration Constraints.......................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.6 Sample Normalization ...............................65<o:p></o:p>2.4.7 Model Checking .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.8 Model Workflow .................................... 65<o:p></o:p>2.4.9 Model Application and Limitations..................... 67<o:p></o:p>2.5 The Modeling Software.................................... 69<o:p></o:p>2.5.1 Data File and Editing ...............................69<o:p></o:p>2.5.2 Run ............................................. 71<o:p></o:p>VIII Contents<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 3<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Structure and SpeciesSuccession ....... 73<o:p></o:p>3.1 Simulations of Species Removal.............................. 76<o:p></o:p>3.1.1 Osmeriformes Lcucosoma chinensis (Osbeck, 1765).......... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.2 Cypriniformes...................................... 77<o:p></o:p>3.1.3 Siluriformes, Bagridae ...............................144<o:p></o:p>3.1.4 Perciformes .......................................150<o:p></o:p>3.1.5 Tetraodontiformes ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2 Simulated Community ....................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.1 Niche Composition ..................................156<o:p></o:p>3.2.2 Niche Change ......................................160<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 4<o:p></o:p>Relationship Between Community Niche and Succession................ 165<o:p></o:p>4.1 Characteristics of Community Stability........................ 167<o:p></o:p>4.1.1 Species Substitutability.............................. 171<o:p></o:p>4.1.2 Community Cohesion ................................171<o:p></o:p>4.1.3 Community Integration ..............................174<o:p></o:p>4.1.4 Characteristics of the Geographic Distribution<o:p></o:p>of the Ecological Niche Response ....................... 180<o:p></o:p>4.1.5 Differences ........................................187<o:p></o:p>4.1.6 Feeding Habits .....................................193<o:p></o:p>4.2 “Subunit Community” Succession............................ 198<o:p></o:p>4.2.1 Niche Changes in the “Subunit Community”.............. 201<o:p></o:p>4.2.2 Simulated Community Performance After Species Removal... 220<o:p></o:p>4.2.3 The Evolutionary Characteristics of the “Subunit<o:p></o:p>Communities” ..................................... 225<o:p></o:p>CHAPTER 5<o:p></o:p>Fish Community Reconstruction and Case Study..................... 231<o:p></o:p>5.1 River Ecosystems........................................ 232<o:p></o:p>5.1.1 River Structure ....................................233<o:p></o:p>5.1.2 River Ecological Function............................. 234<o:p></o:p>5.1.3 Composition of the Fish Diet.......................... 236<o:p></o:p>5.1.4 Fish Trophic Levels .................................242<o:p></o:p>5.2 Molecular Mechanisms of Energy Utilization andEcological Niche ... 250<o:p></o:p>5.2.1 Fish Amylase ......................................251<o:p></o:p>5.2.2 Gene Sequence and Niche .............................253<o:p></o:p>5.2.3 Amylase Gene Transcription and Animal Feeding Habits..... 254<o:p></o:p>5.3 Species Selection for Community Construction.................. 255<o:p></o:p>5.3.1 Multispecies Model ..................................260<o:p></o:p>5.3.2 The Food Chain is Fully Functional..................... 262<o:p></o:p>5.3.3 Species Compatibility ................................264<o:p></o:p>5.4 Examples of Model Application.............................. 2675.4.1 Relationship Between Model “Potential” and Community<o:p></o:p>Abundance ........................................ 267<o:p></o:p>5.4.2 Environmental Impact Analysis Reference Frame........... 271<o:p></o:p>5.4.3 Analysis of the Niche of the Artificial Community.......... 273<o:p></o:p>References.................................................. 275<o:p></o:p> 21 00 06 01 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/produit/1386/9782759831159/ecology-of-fish-community-niche-modeling-based-on-fish-morphological-parameters 01 00 03 02 https://laboutique.edpsciences.fr/system/product_pictures/data/009/983/069/original/9782759831142-Ecology_of_Fish_Community_Niche_Modeling_couv-sofedis.jpg 17 14 20240913T173706+0200 01 P15 EDP Sciences 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